ORIGINAL ARTICLES
GUAN Yaqi, CUI Kai, WEI Wenyi, TIAN Yajuan, ZHANG Zhao, CHU Shifeng, LI Qinqing, GUO Jilong, ZHANG Li, HE Wenbin
OBJECTIVE To investigate the mechanism by which salvianolic acid A (Sal A) reduces the inflammatory response and oxidative stress of BV2 cells injured by oxygen and glucose deprivation/reperfusion (OGD/R). METHODS An OGD/R injury model of BV2 cells was established with sugar free Earle solution containing Na2S2O4 10 mmol·L-1. Na2S2O4 sugar free Earle solution was added and cultured in an incubator (37 ℃, 5%CO2) for 1.5 h (oxygen glucose deprivation) before a normal medium was used for 24 h (reperfusion). Then, the cells were divided into the cell control group, OGD/R group, OGD/R+Sal A 1, 5 and 10 μmol·L-1 group, OGD/R+ML385 group, OGD/R+ML385+Sal A 1, 5 and 10 μmol·L-1 group and OGD/R+edaravone (Eda, 50 μmol·L-1) group. After twenty-four hours of culture, the cell survival rate was measured by CCK8 kit. The contents of Interleukin-1β (IL-1β), IL-6, tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α), IL-10, IL-4 and transforming growth factor-β (TGF-β) in the cell supernatant were detected by ELISA. Reactive oxygen species (ROS) in cells was detected using the chemical fluorescence method. The contents of malondialdehyde (MDA) and the activities of superoxide dismutase (SOD), glutathione peroxidase (GSH-PX) and chloramphenicol acetyltransferase (CAT) in cells were determined with the colorimetric method. Protein expressions of Kelch like ECH-associated protein 1 (Keap1), nuclear factor erythroid-2 related factor 2 (Nrf2),Heme oxygenase-1 (HO-1), NADPH: quinone oxidoreductase-1 (NQO1) and p-nuclear factor kappa-B p65 (p-NF-κB p65) were detected by Western blotting. RESULTS ① Compared with the cell control group, the cell survival rate of the OGD/R group was significantly decreased (P<0.01). Compared with the OGD/R group, the survival rates of OGD/R+Sal A 1, 5 and 10 μmol·L-1 groups were significantly increased (P<0.05, P<0.01). ② Compared with the cell control group, the contents of IL-1β, IL-6 and TNF-α were significantly increased, the contents of IL-10, IL-4 and TGF-β were significantly decreased, the contents of ROS and MDA were significantly increased, and the activities of SOD, CAT and GSH-Px were significantly decreased in the OGD/R group (P<0.01). Compared with the OGD/R group, the content of IL-6 was significantly decreased, the contents of IL-10, IL-4 and TGF-β were significantly increased, the contents of ROS and MDA were significantly decreased, and the activities of SOD, CAT and GSH-Px were significantly increased in OGD/R+Sal A 1, 5 and 10 μmol·L-1 and OGD/R+Eda groups (P<0.05, P<0.01). ③ Compared with the cell control group, the protein expression of p-NF-κB P65 in the OGD/R group was significantly increased (P<0.01). Compared with the OGD/R group, the protein expressions of Keap1 and cytoplasmic Nrf2 were significantly decreased, the expressions of nuclear Nrf2, HO-1 and NQO1 proteins were significantly increased, and the expression of p-NF-κB p65 protein was significantly decreased in OGD/R+Sal A 5 and 10 μmol·L-1 and OGD/R+Eda groups (P<0.05, P<0.01). In OGD/R+ML385, OGD/R+ML385+Sal A 1, 5 and 10 μmol·L-1 groups, the protein expression of Keap1 was significantly increased, the protein expressions of cytoplasmic Nrf2, nuclear Nrf2, HO-1 and NQO1 protein were significantly decreased, and the protein expression of p-NF-κB P65 was significantly increased (P<0.01). CONCLUSION Sal A reduces the inflammatory response and oxidative stress of OGD/R injured BV2 cells possibly by activating the Keap1/Nrf2 pathway and inhibiting the NF-κB pathway.